State neutrality in relation to religion is a principle of the juridical system and the political activity that aim to protect religious freedom. It conveys two main elements: equality and incompetence of the State in religious matters. Religious neutrality is entailed in a number of European Constitutions, although its scope varies from one country to another. At times, neutrality has been misunderstood. The article deals with two of the wrong approaches to this principle that are not uncommon in the contemporary society.